Pesca en Chile: un futuro incierto entre la sobreexplotación y un enfoque ecosistémico como solución

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CONTENIDO RELACIONADO

360 voluntarios del Banco de Chile sacaron 5,4 toneladas de basura de un estero y un humedal de la RM

La Cuadrilla Azul de Banco de Chile, junto a Parley for the Oceans Chile, intervino el Estero Las Compuertas en Colina y el Humedal Urbano Mapocho en Talagante. Este año el foco está en los ríos: gran parte de la basura que llega al mar viaja primero por las cuencas.

Un informe de la Subsecretaría de Pesca (SUBPESCA) revela que el 53% de las principales pesquerías nacionales se encuentran en sobreexplotación o colapso. El enfoque ecosistémico en la gestión pesquera se presenta como una alternativa real para la recuperación de esta problemática.

Frente a este crítico escenario presentado por la SUBPESCA en el Estado de situación de las principales pesquerías chilenas, el enfoque ecosistémico en la gestión pesquera se presenta como una alternativa viable para la recuperación y sostenibilidad de los recursos marinos en Chile.

¿Qué es el enfoque ecosistémico y por qué es importante?

A diferencia de los modelos tradicionales que solo se enfocan en la especie objetivo, el enfoque ecosistémico considera las interdependencias entre las diferentes especies, el impacto en el medio ambiente y los aspectos socioeconómicos de la actividad pesquera.

Miguel Espíndola, director de Conservación Oceánica de la ONG Pesca Sustentable, señala que este modelo de gestión involucra factores que permiten desarrollar acciones de análisis y ordenación con una óptica más integral. Además de considerar las interdependencias ecológicas entre especies y su relación con el ambiente, este modelo toma en cuenta los aspectos socioeconómicos vinculados con la actividad.

En el país, la pesquería de peces pelágicos (como sardinas y anchovetas) ha implementado un enfoque ecosistémico con resultados positivos. Se ha logrado comprender mejor el impacto de la pesca en otras especies, como mamíferos marinos y aves, y se han establecido puntos de referencia más estrictos para la captura.

¿Cómo se implementa el enfoque ecosistémico en Chile?

En Chile se han realizado avances significativos en la implementación del enfoque ecosistémico a través de la creación de Comités de Manejo y Comités Científicos. Estos organismos reúnen a científicos y pescadores para generar recomendaciones basadas en la ciencia y el conocimiento local.

“En nuestro país desde 2012 hay todo un sistema de administración que genera recomendaciones a partir de la ciencia y el conocimiento de los propios pescadores. Esto permite que las decisiones se tomen de forma mucho más informada que antes”, comenta Espíndola.

El informe también destaca la importancia de considerar los fenómenos climáticos como La Niña, que puede afectar la productividad de los océanos. Si bien, en algunas ocasiones se ha observado un aumento de las poblaciones de peces pelágicos durante La Niña, es fundamental monitorear de cerca todos los factores que influyen en la pesca.

Consumo responsable: clave para la sostenibilidad

Diversificar el consumo de productos del mar se presenta como fundamental para la soberanía alimentaria y la sostenibilidad de los recursos. De acuerdo a un informe publicado por Oceana en 2022, las especies más consumidas en Chile son los moluscos, la reineta, la merluza común, el salmón y los crustáceos, una variedad muy limitada considerando que el país cuenta con 172 especies disponibles para alimento.

Iniciativas como la plataforma “Futuro Azul” de la ONG Pesca Sustentable buscan informar a la población sobre las especies disponibles y apoyar decisiones de compra responsables.

El enfoque ecosistémico, junto con el consumo responsable y la consideración de factores como el cambio climático, son piezas claves para la recuperación y sostenibilidad de la pesca en Chile. La colaboración entre científicos, pescadores y consumidores busca construir un futuro azul para este sector y mejor para el medioambiente.

Héctor Véliz
Héctor Vélizhttps://www.diariosustentable.com/
Relator de historias, eventos y sucesos que inspiran al mundo a ser un lugar más sustentable.

SUSCRIBETE

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} #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-fieldRow .custom-control, #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-horizontalRow .custom-control { position: relative; display: block; min-height: 1.5rem; padding-left: 1.5rem; } #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-fieldRow .custom-radio .custom-control-input, #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-horizontalRow .custom-radio .custom-control-input, #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-fieldRow .custom-checkbox .custom-control-input, #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-horizontalRow .custom-checkbox .custom-control-input { position: absolute; z-index: -1; opacity: 0; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0; } #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-fieldRow .custom-radio .custom-control-label, #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-horizontalRow .custom-radio .custom-control-label, #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-fieldRow .custom-checkbox .custom-control-label, #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-horizontalRow .custom-checkbox .custom-control-label { color: #000000; font-size: 12px!important; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: top; font-style: normal; font-weight: 700; } #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-fieldRow .custom-select, #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-horizontalRow .custom-select { background-color: #ffffff !important; color: #333333 !important; border-color: #cccccc; border-radius: 4px !important; border-style: solid !important; border-width: 1px !important; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px !important; line-height: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding: 10px 28px 10px 12px !important; width: 100% !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; max-width: 100% !important; height: auto; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; background: url('https://assets.mlcdn.com/ml/images/default/dropdown.svg') no-repeat right .75rem center/8px 10px; -webkit-appearance: none; -moz-appearance: none; appearance: none; } #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-horizontalRow { height: auto; width: 100%; float: left; } .ml-form-formContent.horozintalForm .ml-form-horizontalRow .ml-input-horizontal { width: 70%; float: left; } .ml-form-formContent.horozintalForm .ml-form-horizontalRow .ml-button-horizontal { width: 30%; float: left; } .ml-form-formContent.horozintalForm .ml-form-horizontalRow .ml-button-horizontal.labelsOn { padding-top: 25px; } .ml-form-formContent.horozintalForm .ml-form-horizontalRow .horizontal-fields { box-sizing: border-box; float: left; padding-right: 10px; } #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-horizontalRow input { background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; border-color: #cccccc; border-radius: 4px; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding: 10px 10px; width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-y: initial; } #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-horizontalRow button { background-color: #000000 !important; border-color: #000000; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; border-radius: 4px; box-shadow: none; color: #ffffff !important; cursor: pointer; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px !important; font-weight: 700; line-height: 20px; margin: 0 !important; padding: 10px !important; width: 100%; height: auto; } #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-horizontalRow button:hover { background-color: #333333 !important; border-color: #333333 !important; } #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-checkboxRow input[type="checkbox"] { box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0; position: absolute; z-index: -1; opacity: 0; margin-top: 5px; margin-left: -1.5rem; overflow: visible; } #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-checkboxRow .label-description { color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: top; } #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-checkboxRow label { font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding: 0; position: relative; display: block; min-height: 24px; padding-left: 24px; } #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-checkboxRow label a { color: #000000; text-decoration: underline; } #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-checkboxRow label p { color: #000000 !important; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important; font-size: 12px !important; font-weight: normal !important; line-height: 18px !important; padding: 0 !important; margin: 0 5px 0 0 !important; } #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-checkboxRow label p:last-child { margin: 0; } #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-embedSubmit { margin: 0 0 20px 0; float: left; width: 100%; } #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-embedSubmit button { background-color: #000000 !important; border: none !important; border-radius: 4px !important; box-shadow: none !important; color: #ffffff !important; cursor: pointer; font-family: 'Open Sans', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important; font-size: 14px !important; font-weight: 700 !important; line-height: 21px !important; height: auto; padding: 10px !important; width: 100% !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; } #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-embedSubmit button.loading { display: none; } #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-embedSubmit button:hover { background-color: #333333 !important; } .ml-subscribe-close { width: 30px; height: 30px; background: url('https://assets.mlcdn.com/ml/images/default/modal_close.png') no-repeat; background-size: 30px; cursor: pointer; margin-top: -10px; margin-right: -10px; position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; } .ml-error input, .ml-error textarea, .ml-error select { border-color: red!important; } .ml-error .custom-checkbox-radio-list { border: 1px solid red !important; border-radius: 4px; padding: 10px; } .ml-error .label-description, .ml-error .label-description p, .ml-error .label-description p a, .ml-error label:first-child { color: #ff0000 !important; } #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-checkboxRow.ml-error .label-description p, #mlb2-12234090.ml-form-embedContainer .ml-form-embedWrapper .ml-form-embedBody .ml-form-checkboxRow.ml-error .label-description p:first-letter { color: #ff0000 !important; } @media only screen and (max-width: 400px){ .ml-form-embedWrapper.embedDefault, .ml-form-embedWrapper.embedPopup { width: 100%!important; } .ml-form-formContent.horozintalForm { float: left!important; } .ml-form-formContent.horozintalForm .ml-form-horizontalRow { height: auto!important; width: 100%!important; float: left!important; } .ml-form-formContent.horozintalForm .ml-form-horizontalRow .ml-input-horizontal { width: 100%!important; } .ml-form-formContent.horozintalForm .ml-form-horizontalRow .ml-input-horizontal > div { padding-right: 0px!important; padding-bottom: 10px; } .ml-form-formContent.horozintalForm .ml-button-horizontal { width: 100%!important; } .ml-form-formContent.horozintalForm .ml-button-horizontal.labelsOn { padding-top: 0px!important; } } function ml_webform_success_12234090() { var $ = ml_jQuery || jQuery; $('.ml-subscribe-form-12234090 .row-success').show(); $('.ml-subscribe-form-12234090 .row-form').hide(); } fetch("https://assets.mailerlite.com/jsonp/756599/forms/112709122495874564/takel")

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